Understanding Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is paramount in addressing the complexities of cognitive decline in ageing populations. Dementia encompasses a spectrum of cognitive impairments that interfere with daily functioning, affecting memory, reasoning, and behaviour. Alzheimer’s, the most common form of dementia, is characterised by the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits in the brain, leading to progressive neurodegeneration. This white paper aims to cover what Dementia and Alzheimer’s are, and what other types of Dementia exist. By fostering a comprehensive understanding of these conditions we can empower family caregivers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to develop effective interventions and improve quality of life for patients.